Charantin: An important lead compound from Momordica charantia for the treatment of diabetes

The development of effective and safe anti-diabetic agent is still a major challenge for modern scientific research. Traditionally fruit juice of Momordica charantia has been used for treatment of diabetes for centuries. Charantin, a natural steroidal glycoside present in the fruits of this medicinal plant, has been reported to possess potential hypoglycemic activity. However, this phytoconstituent has not been explored yet clinically to treat diabetes. This review summarizes the chemistry, biological activity and reported analytical methods for charantin, a bioactive compound present in M. charantia.